Art And Its Effect On Society - 996 Words

There are about a million different colors in the world. There are light colors and dark colors and colors in-between. We can use colors to express ourselves and use them to express our moods. People are famous because of art and people have been arrested for art too. People can dedicate art to other people and people can draw themselves too. Million and millions of colors are in the world but only few are known. More colors are discovered ever day by people who experiment with colors. Making different shades of every color. For example, if you mix blue and yellow you get green. If you mix different colors you will get new better colors. Colors are everywhere even if we don’t want them to be. Colors have lots of meanings. We use many of the same colors but we mix them with other colors and we get the different shades of these colors. For example, while red is the color most associated with love, it also the color most frequently associated with hatred, anger, aggression, and war. People who are angry are said to see red. Red is the color most commonly associated with passion and heat. Blue is the color between violet and green on the optical spectrum of visible light. Human eyes perceive blue when observing light with a wavelength between 450 and 495 nanometers, which is between 45 and 49.5 Angstroms. Green is the color between blue and yellow on the spectrum of visible light. It is evoked by light with a predominant wavelength of roughly 495–570 nm. Pink is a pale RedShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Art And Its Effect On Society1435 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance of Art in Society Art is often marginalized and left aside in favor of serious fields, like math and science; it is generally seen as an extra and as something purely recreational – icing on the cake. However, it is an essential component of any even moderately healthy society. To begin with, it has quantifiable benefits in areas including therapy and education thanks to it s fluid, ambiguous, and creative nature. Equally, it is difficult to find enjoyment or fulfillment in lifeRead MoreArt in the Middle Ages and The Renaissance and Its Effect in Society1017 Words   |  5 PagesDuring this time, society conformed to the feudal system which was based on the hierarchy approach which upper class had control over the lower class. Included in this class structure were kings, lords, neighboring kings, peasants and church leaders. In the Middle Ages, art evolves as humans continue addressing the traditional and the new, including Biblical subjects, Christian dogma, and Classical mythology (Introduction to the History of Medieval Art. n.d.). Most of the art produced during thisRead MoreEssay about Graffiti Art Brings Positive Effects to Our Society1645 Words   |  7 PagesGraffiti Art Brings Positive Effects to Our Society 2011 TED Prize winner - JRs Wish I wish for you to stand up for what you care about by participating in a global art project, and together well turn the world...INSIDE OUT. [pic] Outline I. Introduction Thesis statement: The development of street culture as known as â€Å"Global Street Subculture† from 15 years before until now integrates into a bigger scale and positively impacts our society and individualsRead MoreThe Abstract Ideas Of Art1141 Words   |  5 Pages The Abstract Ideas of Art: The Philosophical Reasons Naohito Takeda AP Seminar-5, Analytical Composition February 17, 2017 Introduction Is it important to fund the arts? Art has impacted society positively and negatively. The negative impacts has to be considered so there is fairness and solutions. The philosophy of art is a way to express ideas on the funding of arts. The government is the main source for the funding of arts. However, the government has to consider the otherRead MoreEssay about Identity in Art927 Words   |  4 PagesIDENTITY IN ART Topic 2: Identity is a central concern of contemporary life. Critically examine and discuss how design or art has been used to explore, discuss and express identity. Identity is a central concern of contemporary life. Identity plays a large part in societies and individuals lives; however it has not just become a central concern. For the last couple of hundred years identity has been a central concern. This central concern of identity is and has been portrayed, explored andRead MoreArt Is A Catalyst Of Change1212 Words   |  5 PagesArt is a catalyst of change. It can confront both social and political issues as well as providing people with a creative outlet in which they can express their innermost thoughts and feelings - but what effect can art have on our society as a whole? Artists today have the unique ability to connect with people in a creative, innovative way that they can understand and interpret themselves. With this ability, artists are able to express their own views as well as influencing the views of others. ArtRead MorePublic Funding For Public Art1226 Words   |  5 Pagesfunding’s that contributed to the world of art. Whether anyone realizes it or not, artists have a lot of responsibilities to try and please the public when they are working for the public. Also, there are numerous regional issues that greatly influence decisions about publicly funded art. Art is very important when forming a sense of nation character, therefore, we should support the public funding of art in America. Art is an important part of society and it can also be a very valuable part of ourRead MoreWhat Is Art?, And Marcel Duchamp s The Creative Act1067 Words   |  5 PagesToday day, art still is a controversial subject of aesthetics, in discussing whether variety form of modern visual art is art or not. In Laurie Schneider Adams’ article â€Å"What is Art?† and Marcel Duchamp’s â€Å"The Creative Act†, they have own criteria to definite what the nature of art, its meaning and its function. In evaluation Doris Salcedo’s art work Atrabilious, a set of worn shoes encased in rectangle ni ches on the wall. I agree with their explanation of art thought the combined in structure andRead MoreThe Influence Of Arts On The Ideal Society1359 Words   |  6 Pagesinto detail about how he feels about the arts, and poetry, and how he views the effects of the arts as being negative to the ideal society. Plato’s main belief is that the arts don’t show reality, but rather, that the arts are merely imitation, and promote corruption in society. He also believes that the arts should be censored, or banished. However, although the arts can be deceitful at times, art can be educational and beneficial to creating a strong society if they are portrayed in the right waysRead MoreThe Arts Administration Is Also Known As Arts Management1593 Words   |  7 Pages The arts administration is also known as arts management industry is seen as a broad and ill-defined career, as the manager gets the opportunity to explore a wide variety of roles within an arts organisation. Arts management revolves around business operations surrounding any arts organisation. An arts manager is an administrator that organise and facilitates with the day to day business activities of an arts company; this could involve writing a business report, working alongside the artistic

Substance Abuse And Public Administration - 863 Words

Article Analysis: Substance Abuse and Public Administration Substance abuse within the US is a very significant issue, with costs â€Å"exacting over $600 billion annually† (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2015). Various laws and regulations have been put in place in order to lower the amount of substance abuse cases. This has in turn triggered the establishment of appropriate public administration institutions. Even with these institutions there has been very little relief with the issue of substance abuse. Analysis Within this article, Sosin, Smith, Hilton and Jordan focus on substance abuse systems. One of the main downfalls they find with the program is the fact that there is a lack of centralization when administering the programs. In order to improve the operations the administration institutions are prepared to provide any programs with insufficient funding a type of grant which will allow them to better deal with the substance abuse problems they deal with. It is also the job of administrative authorities and legislators to select and regulate â€Å"the agencies that deliver the funded services. Those delivery agencies tend to be nongovernmental local nonprofit and for-profit service providers† (Sosin et al, 2010) The process of rehabilitation for substance abusers usually begins within the state facilities. After the state facilities there is then a slow transfer to the non-profit facilities. There is some confusion and speculation as to which firm is accountable forShow MoreRelatedIllegal Substance Abuse And Addiction1196 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal substance abuse and addiction can have far-reaching negative impacts that affect not only the people who abuse drugs but also their friends, family members, the community, and government resources. Substance abuse can lead to domestic violence, child abuse, suicide, crime, automobile accidents, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, and unwanted pregnancy. A particular area of concern of drug use and abuse is the impact of methamphetamine (meth) labs on public safety and the environmentRead MoreMental Health And Behavioral Issues Essay765 Words   |  4 Pagestreatment. Psychiatric Nurse practitioners have received additional medical training beyond their Master’s degree, and Psychiatrists are specialized medical doctors (Psychology and Counseling Group, n.d.). Profile of Consumers Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) (2014) reports state mental health measures, including the gender, age, race/ethnicity, living situation, and employment status of individuals who utilize mental health services. According to SAMHSA (2015), 9.1% ofRead MoreBarriers And Lack Of Knowledge Regarding Substance Use And Its Effects809 Words   |  4 PagesYour Response: There are some barriers or weaknesses common to most interventions that target addictive behaviors in the community. Heterogeneity in the population and cultural barriers has contributed to the lack of knowledge regarding substance use and its effects. Issues related to taboo, denial and loss of face mask understanding of the extent of the problem. Institutional barriers and lack of community infrastructure make treatment efforts difficult in serving a diverse population (Ja, 1993)Read MorePrimary Prevention Of Substance Abuse902 Words   |  4 Pagessession focused on primary prevention of substance abuse and providing grants from national stakeholders to create individual state treatments. Numerous bills introduced at the national level were bills that amended other previously passed substance abuse bills. The two substances focused in these bills were general substances and opioids. By â€Å"general substance† this category refers to the abuse of multiple drugs, which in cludes opioids. The opioid abuse bills focus specifically on opioids andRead MoreDrug Testing and Public Assistance1299 Words   |  5 PagesDrug Testing Public Assistance Public or federal assistance is considered to be a federal program and service, provided to the needy by the federal government. These federal programs are meant to assist government, organizations, and individuals in all areas such as health, public safety, education, and public welfare. These various programs can typically reach over $400 billion annually; and are provided through many federal agencies. Perhaps the most controversial these days is drug testingRead MoreThe Four Pillars Of Public Administration767 Words   |  4 PagesThe four pillars of Public Administration or better known as, â€Å"E’s of Great Governance,† are a way of balancing public administration’s actions throughout society. In this attempt of keeping all four pillars equal, it allows us in public administration to make decisions best for the common good. Throughout the time in administration, officials have struggled to balance them all correctly, because one must make trade offâ€⠄¢s in times of crisis or conflict which may not be a balanced decision. AlthoughRead MoreHuman Resources Management Approach to Samhsa Strategic Initiatives1526 Words   |  7 Pagesthe organization. This planning will include gathering the cost for company recruitment and cost for the training of the employees. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is a part of the United States Department of Health Human Services and their mission is â€Å"to reduce the impact of substance abuse and mental illness on America’s communities† (SAMHSA, 2014). SAMSHA was established in 1992 by congress in order to make the services and research of theRead MoreThe Drug Policy Of Opioids1229 Words   |  5 Pagesgenerate a sense of exhilaration and a calmness which is a product of the Analgesic effect. That feeling is one of the main reasons why people abuse opioids, they get addicted to the Analgesic effect and not being in pain anymore. Doctors prescribe opioids to patients who just had surgery, and people with chronic pain. The issue with opioids is that people abuse them. Heroin gives the same analgesic effect as opioids, so for addicts who have abused opioids they have great potential to turn into heroinRead MoreThe Mission Of The Hope House1481 W ords   |  6 Pages The mission of The Hope House is to provide individuals that suffer from substance abuse and dependency a safe local recovery home that provides support and guidance in obtaining and maintaining sobriety, which will require the program to access and implement several assets. â€Å"According to the field of community psychology, many of the most complex and intransigent social and community problems can be transformed by the recognition, appreciation, and utilization of the assets and inner resourcesRead MoreDrug Trafficking And The Criminal Justice System1272 Words   |  6 Pagesconsequences that drug traffickers face in today’s criminal justice system; those consequences being classed as controlled substances, federal trafficking sentences, offender and offense characteristics, and the effects of illegal drug trade on society. When the federal government labels a substance as controlled, this means the possession and distribution of these substances are governed by law. These laws are formulated in accordance with 21 U.S. Code  § 811 – 814 - Authority to Control; Standards

The Shot Heard Throughout Fargo free essay sample

My journey to completing a full marathon started the second day of eighth grade football.We were required to wear shorts and helmets because the first week was always â€Å"no contact.† Agility stations were on the practice plan for the day.When I got to Mr. Cook’s station, which included backpedaling around cones, being as competitive as I am, I was giving this drill one hundred and ten percent. The next thing I knew, I was on the ground in excruciating pain. I fell while participating in the station and stuck my arms back to catch myself, which ended up being too much stress on my adolescent bones. Instantly I knew that my football season was over. I had put in countless hours of sprints and agility work during the summertime to prepare for football. All that time I spent and training I did was for nothing. The injury was depressing to say the least, coming off our best season the year before. We will write a custom essay sample on The Shot Heard Throughout Fargo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cast on my arm felt like I was carrying around a big club, which got annoying rather quickly. It had been a couple of weeks after I had fractured my wrist when I ran into Mrs. Johnson, our school’s cross country coach, in the hallway. â€Å"Hey Austin, I heard what happened to you at football.It’s not too late to join cross country!† She said enthusiastically. â€Å"I’ll consider it.† I replied, not taking the offer very seriously. I went home that night and talked to my parents about the pros and cons of joining the sport that I knew little about.After sleeping on the decision, I got all of my paperwork in so I was eligible to practice the next day. The first month or so of cross country, I didn’t take it seriously. In my mind, I felt restrained, and I couldn’t do as much as I would have liked to do, with a giant club on my arm. In all reality the cast weighed less than a pound.I was typically in the back, making new friends with other slower runners.I started my running career on JV, but as my weight dropped, so did my times. Every race was better than my last.I actually started to enjoy running.I remember several times that I stayed after practice to run just a couple more miles. The season flew by quickly, and by the end of the season, I worked my way up to being the number six runner on the section roster.As much as I missed the sport of football, I had a new found passion for running. This major improvement inspired me to challenge myself even more with my running.My step father had mentioned to me many times before that running the full marathon in Duluth was one of his greatest achievements in life.I then decided to sign up for the full Fargo marathon. The Fargo marathon was held in May, which meant I would have to train in the frigid Minnesota winter.The first thing I did in preparation for the marathon was make a trip to Scheels in Fargo to purchase some high tech running clothes that could withstand up to subzero weather conditions.That would make the training a little less miserable. Once winter finally came around, I was so busy with hockey that I could hardly find the time or motivation to train.I had probably run only six times all winter, with the farthest being only eleven miles. I was quickly losing interest in running, and eventually forgot about the marathon until the middle of April.Having only trained a handful of times over the long winter, I found myself frantically attempting to transfer to the half marathon instead, but I was two days too late. I was really worried about running the full marathon.However, I figured that if I had enough determination, I could do anything that I set my mind to. On the day of the race, I remember waking up at six in the morning, feeling well rested after getting nine hours of sleep.I was extremely nervous, asI did not know what to expect at all.It was to my advantage that my stepfather had been in the same situation I was in, so he was giving me tips throughout the morning. My parents made me a light breakfast that consisted of sunny side up eggs and whole wheat toast.I didn’t want to eat too much, because I didn’t want my meal to make a reappearance during the race.My parents and I got in the van and headed off to Fargo.I had originally planned on sleeping the whole way there, but I was far too nervous to close my eyelids. Instead, I passed time by coming up with a strategy that would give me a chance to reach the finish line. After listening to some advice from my step father, who was an experienced marathon runner, I decided that my plan was going to be to pace myself. The drive to Fargo seemed far longer than the hour and a half it normally takes to get there. Once we got into town, I noticed that there were cars occupying every possible parking space, which made parking a very difficult task.As I got out of the van, I instantly felt the cool spring breeze mixed in with the morning sun. It was fifty five degrees and partly cloudy, so it was nearly perfect running conditions.It wastime to head over to the starting area where thousands of people lined up for all of the different races being held that day. The race was about to start any minute. I happened to spot my physical education teacher, Mrs. Galzki, waiting in a separate line.It really helped calm my nerves seeing somebody else I knew about to do the same thing as me, onlyfor a shorter distance. â€Å"Good luck Austin!† she shouted, trying to be heard over the huge crowd. â€Å"Thanks! Good luck to you too!† I nervously replied. The sound of a nearby gunshot carried throughout the city of Fargo. My heart dropped instantly, knowing that I wouldn’t see the finish line for at least four more hours.I was at a stand still, waiting for the huge crowd ahead of me to start the long journey. The first couple of miles were the most enjoyable part of the race. I was feeling great, and the positive energy from the other runners was unbelievable. I could hear a pep band playing over the cheering of the crowd. A few runners ran by my side to ask me about my age and how they were impressed that someone so young was competing in a full marathon.I really enjoyed chatting with other runners, because it made time go by quicker, and it kept my mind off of the fact that I wasn’t even halfway finished yet.The first twelve miles were the easiest.Once I reached the halfway point, my time was one hour and fifty minutes, which was much faster than I had anticipated. At the fourteen mile marker, there were people lined up on each side of the road holding water guns. The feeling of cold water on my sweaty body helped make the blazing sun less of a factor. I purposely jogged slower in that stretch so I could soak up as much water as possible. My body may have been soaked, but my mouth was drier than the Sahara Desert.I soon came across a water stand, just when I needed it the most. %I grabbed two cups of water while I jogged past the stand, and finished them faster than a slapshot from the blue line. Shortly after I passed that water stand, I noticed my legs start to lose feeling. With nearly seven miles to go, I was in desperate need of motivation.I wanted so badly to give up at this point, and was on the verge of doing so. It seemed as if God was looking out for me, because I could see my parents holding a couple of signs waiting by the mile twenty marker.I was really emotional at this point, and even cried a little.I have never been pushed to t hese limits before, which is the reason I started to cry. I jogged towards them and was greeted by encouraging words, a banana, and an ice cold powerade. My tongue acted like a sponge and absorbed any liquid that entered my mouth.I said goodbye to both of them, and resumed my journey to the finish line. All of a sudden, my mom was running by my side, and continued to do so until she got tired. â€Å"We will see you at the finish line!† she said in an optimistic tone. Seeing my parents gave me enough motivation to finish out the last 6.2 miles. I don’t remember much about the next five miles, because I was in rough shape and was only focused on reaching the finish line. I could hear the faint sound of music, and knew that it had to be coming from the finish line. Prior to the race, I was told that the last mile was going to be much more difficult than the first twenty five miles. I was so focused on reaching the finish line, that I didn’t even notice the crowd cheering us runners on at this point. The smell of pizza was more encouraging than any words at the moment. After each corner I turned, there was still no finish line to be seen. This was extremely frustrating, and I felt like I was trapped in a never ending maze. However, when I finally saw the finish line, I recall that very moment being one of the happiest of my life. As soon as I reached the finish line, they placed the finishers medal around my neck, and I immediately went over to my parents and gave them a big hug. Without them, I wouldn’t have made it across the finish line. My final time was four hours and fifteen minutes, which was enough to take first place in my age division. I had learned a lot about myself through this great feat that I have accomplished.I learned that with determination, anything is possible.Completing the marathon without adequate training was much more mental toughness than it was physical ability.I never would have guessed that I’d be in this position nine months after I was laying on the football field in excruciating pain.

John C. Calhoun free essay sample

This essay looks at the life of American southerner, John C. Calhoun, proponent of slavery for the purpose of economic stability. This paper presents a look at John C. Calhoun, controversial Southern politician, and his political views on slavery. The author explores several of his speeches as well as his life to explain where he came from and how he became such a controversial politician. The paper explains his reasons for encouraging the continuation of slavery in the South. Throughout American history there have been many people who had had an influence in the course the nation took. John C. Calhoun was one such individual. He was a man who rose to great heights in the political arena and was well known for his controversial views on many issues, Holst, 2001. He was the champion for the south when it came to the issue of slavery and he spoke loud and clear when it came to representing what it was his constituents wanted done about it. We will write a custom essay sample on John C. Calhoun or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Calhoun was a man who was bright, ambitious and goal oriented. He spent his life working for what he believed in. Whether we agree or disagree with his actual views we are hard pressed to say he did not try.

JOE EVERSON Essays - Physical Exercise, Physical Fitness, Jogging

JOE EVERSON 414-53-1463 CONCEPTS OF FITNESS AND WELLNESS 11:00 TO 12:00 12/6/1998 The dictionary definition of health is as follows: soundness of any living organism; vigor of body and mind; freedom of defect or disease. I am in good physical condition because I work out often. I also believe I am emotionally well balanced because I fell good about myself. However I am slacking a little bit in the intellectual wellness area because I don't have a very open mind. I have very good faith because I am a Christian. I have some very good friends, so I believe I am in good social well being. My definition of wellness and health, is living a good life and having good friends. One definition of physical fitness is the ability of the body to adapt to the demands of physical effort. Another definition could just be being in good shape. Yet another persons definition might be being skinny. There are five areas of health related fitness. The first is cardiorespiratory endurance, the second is muscular strength, the third is muscular endurance, next is flexibility, and last is body composition. I think physical fitness means being in good shape. Physical fitness can affect your everyday life because if you're in good shape you will be more active and do the stuff you like to do. I have good muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility. I do lots of push-ups. I have a weight bench and I lift weights often. I do lots of stretching so I am pretty flexible. One of grandmothers has had cancer, but I don't smoke like she did. I have dark skin and no freckles. I do go in the sun a lot during the summer and get real tan. I am not overweight and I exercise often. I am 6'4 210 pounds. I believe I am in the recommended weight. My body fat percentage is twenty-three, which is over recommended body fat. My bmi is 23, which is in desirable range. For better cardiovascular health I need to eat more fruits and vegetables. I also don't need to worry so much about the little stuff so much. I should keep lifting weights because that's good for me, but I should also start jogging. Three exercises I could do that are good for my heart are jump roping, jogging, or going to some of my old wrestling team practices and wrestle around. Good foods to eat that help prevent cancer are citrus fruits, cruciferous vegetables, dark green leafy vegetables, and dark yellow or red fruits or vegetables. You should also cut down on your fat and saturated fat intake. By eating right and exercising you can obtain a healthy level of body fat. A good exercise for the biceps are curls, and the triceps are multitriceps. Bench press is the most popular exercise for the pectorals. Back extensions are real good for the lower back. Sit-ups are the most popular exercise for the abs. The most popular exercise for the hamstrings is the squat, which also works out the quadriceps. The best exercise to isolate the gastrocnemius is the toe raise. When I work out I prefer free weights; I do three sets with eight reps each set. I lift about five days a week. Head turns and tilts, and towel stretch are two stretches for the upper body. Step stretch and sole stretch are two stretches for the lower body. I will need to eat lower fat foods and not eat so much junk food. I should eat more fruits and vegetables and plan out my meals better and my snacks. I am also going to begin to jog around my neighborhood. I will start to be more active and not lay around and watch TV all day. During this course I realized that I am not always going to be young, and eventually I will have to work really hard to stay in shape and be healthy. That's what made me start to eat healthier and exercise more often. Hopefully I will stick to it and live a healthy life.

Stamp Act essays

Stamp Act essays In the spring of 1765, Parliament enacted another tax on Americans, the Stamp Act. This legislation required all valid legal documents, as well as newspapers, playing cards, and various other papers, to bear a government issued stamp, for which there was a charge. The Sugar Act, though intended to raise revenue, appeared to fall within Britains accepted authority to regulate commerce; Stamp Act, by contrast, was the first internal tax (as opposed to an external trade duty) that Parliament had imposed on the colonies. Grenville, a lawyer, realized that it raised a constitutional issue: Did Parliament have the right to impose direct taxes on Americans when Americans had no elected representatives in Parliament? Following the principle of virtual representation that members of Parliament served the interests of the nation as a whole, not just the locality from which they came Grenville maintained that it did. Americans he would faid, vigorously disagreed, and so did some members of P arliament. One, Colonel Isaac Barre, who had served in the colonies, opposed the Stamp Act and referred to Americans as Sons of Liberty a label Americans would soon adopt for themselves. Unlike the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act had an equal impact throughout the colonies, and the response to it was swift and vociferous. Newspapers and pamphlets were filled with denunciations of the supposedly unconstitutional measure, and in taverns everywhere outraged patrons roundly condemned it. The minds of the freeholders, wrote one observer, were inflamed...by many a hearty damn of the Stamp Act over bottles, bowls, and glasses. Parliament, Americans were convinced, did nor represent them. Its members did not share their economic interests and would not pay the taxes that they imposed on Americans. Parliament therefore could not legitimate tax Americans. The colonial legislatures were also quick to ...

Celebrity Influences Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Celebrity Influences - Case Study Example incorporating skills such as singing, advertisements are made attractive, impacting the minds of consumers; forcing them to choose that product over its competitors. Celebrity endorsed product gets the fan base of the superstar by default due to the fans love and loyalty to the celebrity. Moreover, Celebrity advertisements gain tremendous amount of PR coverage through all forms of media, further broadening the product market. Conversely, using celebrities, at times, can exacerbate the market for a product. Fame is ephemeral. A celebrity who loses fame is only as influential as any other hired actor for advertising. Furthermore, controversial celebrities affect the credibility of the product they advocate. Celebrity images that do not complement the product such as a tennis star in a wine advertisement instill a negative reaction from consumers. Moreover, frequently, celebrity advertisements aggrandize only the celebritys popularity, overshadowing the product itself. The Beatles, even today, are famous but nobody knows about the wine they once promoted. Pepsi has experimented with a number of celebrities for its marketing. More often than not, it has suffered from tarnished celebrity images and inappropriate choices such as that of Madonna, Michael Jackson and Spears. However, it has also had successful marketing through celebrities such as Tendulkar. While celebrities do grab consumers psychologically, it is eventually the quality of the product that determines the market. Consumers today are aware of marketing tactics such as celebrity endorsements and so put emphasis on product quality. Hence, for an old brand like Pepsi, with a well established market, advertisements with celebrities are not

Nursing - Professional Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing - Professional Portfolio - Essay Example I am currently enrolled in the MSN program with expected date of graduation on 2012. After that, focus will be given on attaining Nursing Informatics competency. I have been working with the EMR for over 16 years in the emergency department where the EMR was first piloted. I am knowledgeable of the EMR and have strong supervision skills needed to execute or revamp EMR. (3) To change and develop the current electronic medical record at San Mateo County Medical Center. I received an Associate Degree in Nursing/Bachelors in Liberal Arts in 1990 at Indiana University North West and am currently enrolled in MSN program with expected date of graduation on 2012. I have professional affiliations with Dorothy L. and James D. Frank of the Diabetes Research Institute as an Associate Clinical Research Coordinator (2008-2010). Focus includes Diabetes nutritional counseling, glucose clamp studies, running YSI glucose analyzer, electronic (CGM) continued glucose monitor management, recruitment, scr eening, and secure informed consent following GCP guidelines, and track protocol deviation, adverse events, and drug accountability. We also maintain regulatory documents for IRB and maintain related records according to GCP and FDA guidelines. In addition, I work at San Mateo County Medical Center for over 16 years in the emergency department where the EMR was first piloted. I have the skills needed in a research undertaking, is knowledgeable of the EMR and the setting as I work in the hospital itself. INVOLVEMENT IN PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION I am affiliated in the following organizations stated below and these serve well for my past and present nursing focuses. Professional Organization General Information Nurses Association-California (ANA/C) The... The professional development I continuously aim for has created an impact both on my professional and personal life. Being a nurse always creates an opportunity for learning, educating others, and helping people. It made me feel happy and proud as a nurse when every time I care, I made significant impact on patient’s lives. I would like also to contribute to the professional development of my co-nurses by creating an effective new nurse orientation program. In this way, I would like to create an orientation program that could impact nurses on providing safe, nonthreatening learning environments where nurses can succeed. Reorganizing the entire orientation programs will create strong and safe nurses and will intend to decrease nursing shortages in facilities while being cost effective.The professional development I had and I will take in the future encouraged me to strongly develop compassion and empathy for patients. I would like to be remembered as a nurse who conveys compass ion and empathy to patients at all times, despite having personal issues, physical exhaustion, or hectic schedule – a nurse whose compassion can be showed even in a simple gesture, a light touch, a smile, or by giving a simple moment of my time to listen.

Major Environmental Issues That Are Associated With Staging Music Essay

Major Environmental Issues That Are Associated With Staging Music Events - Essay Example Music can put forth powerful substantial effects; can create deep and thoughtful emotions within us, and produce substantially subtle variations of articulateness by skilled com- challenge and performers (Besser, 2000). Playing pleasant-sounding music in the innate environment can be therapeutic because it supports people to reconnect and accord them with nature.   This leisure interest can assist us increase greater responsiveness and high opinion for the environment, together with the rocks, trees, rivers, animals, skies birds, et cetera. Which are all complete the four basics of air fire, earth and water.   Basically play a harmonious instrument or resonate, hum or screech out in the surroundings, focus on the environment, calm down into the experience and scrutinize ourselves and the innate world’s activities. Dorothy conducted research of the special effects of music on vegetation and exposed that their strength and growth flourish when constructive, pleasant-sounding music was performed to them (Todd, and Cody, 2000).   In dissimilarity, the findings established that plants worsened and ultimately died when serious rock music was performed to them.   She further defines the term constructive music as unfamiliar to a number of people. When she uses the term constructive to portray music, they are describing music that has advantageous qualities and is expressively and spiritually inspiring, maybe even curative. In

Economic Effects of Terrorism in the UK

Economic Effects of Terrorism in the UK Terrorism has deep history science the cold war but this issue become most salient after terrorist attacks in September 11 2001. This incident affected the UK and international business community in various ways. On one hand the world business community was affected financially, the other hand it suffers due to legal and security issues. The international business between countries was most seriously affected due to security and safety concerns and legal issue. Especially UK, US and other developed countries were compulsion to protect their territory and people on the cost of business with the rest of the world. Many businesses found themselves floundering financially in the months after the terrorist attack on world Trade Centre, while businesses located in world trade centre lost their personal and business locations. According to U.S department of state (2002) more than 3000 people of different nationalities were killed in the terrorist attacks only in the United States in Septemb er 11, 2001. The attacks were the conspicuous example of terrorism on global level. According to the overview of European commission (2001) this was the one of the major event in the past decades which diversifies the viewpoint and outlook of people around the world. Terrorism affects both the long term and short term perspectives of the businesses around the world. Czinkota (2002) cited that terrorism influenced long term karma of entire industries, for example tourism, retailing and manufacturing industries. In this competitive age, the business environment is changing dramatically. The international business has culminated in a global economy, with diverging cultures. But, there are strong protests against globalization echoing its destabilizing effects from many corners of the world. Terrorism can be seen, in substantial part, as a result of this backlash to the businesses. There are number of definitions of terrorism, in the world of Alexander et al (1979) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorism is a threat or use of enforcement and inclemency to achieve a political goal by means of intimidation fear, and coercionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. In the present world context, the European Union (2001) define the terrorism relevant to international business in the following words. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Terrorist offences are certain criminal offences set out in a list comprised largely of serious offences against persons and property which, given their nature or context, may seriously damage a country or an international org anisation where committed with the aim of: seriously intimidating a population; or unduly compelling a Government or international organisation to perform or abstain from performing any act; or seriously destabilizing or destroying the fundamental political, constitutional, economic or social structures of a country or an international organisationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. In UK terrorism is not new phenomenon but businesses were highly affected due to September 11, 2001 and July 7, 2005 incident. Although the economic impact on UK businesses has not been detrimental as initially feared but it is very important not to diminish the impact of even small unforeseen costs can have on businesses in particular. However many UK businesses were relived that tangible impact of terrorist attacks had been very small but business confidence is the key and has inevitably been affected in short term. The biggest economic impacts of past twenty years terrorist attacks is the damage to confidence in the UK businesses and people. This study is another attempt to research and investigates the impacts of terrorism on the UK businesses activities and we will also discuss different approaches for reducing and handling the terrorism threats. 1.1 Research Aim: The aim of this research is to analyse and explore the economic effects of terrorism on businesses in the United Kingdom. The second part of this research is to critically analyse and recommend the most appropriate strategies for management to deal with the terrorist threats or scrutinize the different business strategic views to avoid and minimise the impact of terrorism on UK businesses. 1.2 Research Objectives: This research has the following individual objectives: Critically analyse the economic impact of terrorism on UK organizations and the entire economy in UK. Evaluate the managerial performance in organizations, before, during and after the happening of the terrorist attacks and in uncertain environment. 1.3 Research Questions: What are the economic effects of terrorism on business? How to development strategy for managers or adopt a better approaches to deal with above mentioned issues? 2. Literature Review: In this era terrorism is arguably one of the biggest threats to the business around the world. It can take many shapes and forms. The last twenty years have seen a dramatic rise in terrorism. Terrorism did not begin in 21st century after World Trade Centre terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001. The terrorism history is as old as humansà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ willingness to use violence to affect politics. Europe, United States and other continents have a very long and sad history of terrorist attacks. In past century IRA in UK, ETA in Spain, Brigate Rosse in Itely, Rote Armee Fraktion in Germany, 7 November in Greece are the few worse examples of terrorist groups in Europe. In United States we remember the bombing in Oklahoma City in 1994, World Trade Center bombing in 1993 and 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks. But September 11 2001 attacks have changed the world, as UN Secretary General Kofi Annan has said, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“none of the issue that faced us on 11 September 2001 has beco me less urgentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Now the terrorism has grown to an unprecedented limit and in multiplicity. As we know that, even terrorist without the use of weapons of mass destruction can kill thousands of people and destroy businesses (Gabriele G.S. Suder 2004). According to Blomberg et al 2004 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorism is associated with a diversion of spending from investment to governmentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ expenditureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. To fund these government expenditures, they borrow from foreign financial institutions and governments. The develop countries with less volatile currencies normally issue long term debts to cover the deficit and less developing countries confronting terrorism by government spending through sale of foreign reserves, printing more currency and increasing inflation. Gupta Clements (2004) reached the same conclusion, that the terrorist activities severe impacts on less develop countries than developed from monetary policy perspective. Terrorism has its massive effects on economy and business activities. It effects deleteriously on marketing strategies, buyer demand and market supply effect immensely. Most firms operating in the affected area gets impact from the thrust of government policies to quell terrorism. This kind of wide-spread results predict an escalate attractiveness of terrorism, as part for that group which assume to develop the core of businesses. It is impossible to secure all of the targets of terrorism at the same time. In the number of attacks done by small terrorist groups with least resources the loss was massive. If costs of an attack be measured by the loss which businesses faced, the businesses always paid far great amount than the cost to terrorist group. Hoffman (1998) cited that the cost of the bomb was not more than $400, which was the reason of the loss of $550 millions in the blast of World Trade Centre 1993. The amount which is sending to protect the world from terrorism is many billi on dollars, while the terrorist cost nothing in front of it. This threat of terrorism attacks poses a continuous threat and create atmosphere of risk for the businesses. This risk itself creates extension for treatment of risk in management theories. The majority of management literature theories adopt term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"uncertaintyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ as a factor of unpredictable environment which may influence the performance of firms in certain ways. The environment effected by terrorism also has a factor of unpredictability in it. Businesses internationally and locally particularly affected by terrorism because when some thing happen it disrupt the supply chain and business activities in addition to interrupt information flows, and effects on the demand for industrial side as well as consumer side. Every year more than trillion dollars are spent on combating terrorism. This along with billons dollars lost in property damage, loss of human resources and decrease in key industries potential profit. It is a plague on global economy and affects on everyone from entire countries to all the way down to individual. Terrorism in recent years has sparked, increase in fear and demand higher level of security. The cost of terrorism can be broken down into number of areas and come down to direct effects, response costs and negative effects on key industries. For example, Manchester bombing was carried out by IRA in 1996 targeted the city centre infrastructure and economy caused widespread damage. According to the BBC News (2004), over 400 businesses within the half a mile of the blast were affected and 40% of which did not recover. Another example of terrorist attack on businesses is Baltic Exchange bombing 1992, which damaged the Exchange and surrounding buildings and caused  £800 millions worth of damage. The latest terrorist attacks in UK was July 7 London bombing, which had massive effects on UK businesses. According to the LCCI (2005) report, business confidence in London had slumped to the lowest levels not seen since the start of Iraq war. Because, terrorist attacks disrupt supply chain and other business activities. Alexander (2004) says in his book Business Confronts Terrorism, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s implication on business merits closer scrutiny given its relation to economic security. Terror metamorphoses business causing business to deal with current threats and craft plans to reduce future challenges. Terrorists weaken society and business through their mani pulation of economic systems componentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Terrorism interrupts information flows and effects on the demand form both business and consumer side. This falling demand may have different outcomes which may comprises of losses of customers contracts, customer trust, reduces market share, decline in turnover and profitability and also result business failure. For example according to the LCCA report, UK tourism industry badly effected by July 7 terrorist attacks. The Guardianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s research shows that after July 7 Bombing, Londoners themselves who are leaving the centre in the evening rather than the tourists. Within a month after these attacks, it has been estimated that terrorism cost UK tourism industry in excess of  £300 million. According to U.S Department of state (2002) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorist select businesses for attack compare to other targetsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The most kind of attack is bomb blast, although armed attacks and kidnapping are also some kinds of terrorist attacks. According to Council of Foreign Relations (2002) report, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the majority of victims in terrorist attack are civilians and the relatively large number of business may not prepare to face these kinds of risksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Managers and decision makers remain confident about handling unexpected risk. However the scenario has changed as it was at the time of terrorist attack in 9/11. Kunreuther et al (2003) cited that during the days of terrorist attacks in 9/11 a common feeling came into mind of people that it could be me. But with the passage of time this may give way to may be it will not à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"meà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ next time. This kind of behaviour is more common now a day in south Asia. But it is a common thinki ng that it is extremely easy for terrorist that to attack any where in the world. Even in low cost and low tech attacks terrorists achieve to disrupt the world economy. After the September 11 terrorist attacks many UK international organisations have badly affected legally because new laws introduced and they struggle to keep up with new rules and regulations imposed by international community in the effort to prevent further terrorist attacks. Anne Slaughter (2005) cited that new international laws restricted the companies for shipping goods across international borders and requires them to keep proper track of their activities. The anti terrorist laws have made very complicated for organizations to conduct their business activities across the international borders as a result many organisations have restructured theirs companies to allow them to meet demands of international anti terror laws. Another major issue that effect the international organizations is security and they have to invest huge amount of money to improve both internal and external security. External security is most important because terrorist target organizations to achieve thei r targets. Internal security also need to improve to ensure that organisation have financial records, employees records and ensure that employees do not have any criminal backgrounds or involved in terrorist activities in the past. It is vital for all organizations that they protect themselves and their stakeholders from terrorist activities. The international organizations should not underestimate the impact of terrorism because they make billions dollars each year and provide employment millions of people around the world. In this modern era, it is very easy for terrorist to attack international organizations in such a way that they would stop them from operating in an effective manner. It is very difficult to explain, why terrorism has become the major problem for big and international organizations. Modern terrorism is particularly onerous, because of characteristic of its impact. The impact of terrorism on macroeconomic is crucial, customers feel themselves in stress and some kind of continuous fear which definitely effects the spending patterns. Managerial behaviour in macro economy also feels consequences of terrorism. Media have its vital role in ending fear among the society but very often it fails. Many of times, because of the irresponsible reporting it generates scenes of ever present possibility of terrorist act. According to Crenshaw (1990) the new and fastest ways of communication allow people to know about happens in the other part of the world within minutes about any terrorist attack. On the other hand terrorist groups are adopting the latest techniques to communicate with each other and even sometime just for spreading fear with in the specific community to achieve their targets. Czinkota et al (2004) cited that terrorist also using old traditional ways to communi cate which are unable to penetrate. The latest ways of transportation system gives terrorist groups better way to move around. The impact of terrorism can be calculated from a number of ways. According to Czinkota et al (2004) the micro level research is a moderate degree of research. It help to analyze effects of terrorism on specific regions, value chain or cross industry level, but can be determine and examine more specifically than those of macro level. When terrorist events happens if effects businesses direct and indirect way and disrupt the economic process. To make the effects of the terrorist activities stronger terrorist groups try to make businesses their direct targets. Business are more attractive target for those groups as their presence is everywhere and their aftermaths are more deep on society and on the economics. 2.1 Conclusion: Terrorism effects business activates deeply. This threat compel almost every department of business which cause decline in the profit of firm and on the other side the whole economy has to bear the cost of every single act of terrorism. According to LCCI (2005) report, after 9/11 terrorist attacks, majority of organizations fear high risk of terrorist attacks and they have contingency plan in place to deal with uncertainty. As globalization integrates multinational organizations and financial markets, events like terrorism which spurn economic uncertainty have increasingly international consequences. Terrorism causes unpredictable political and economic consequences, infuses the public with fear and prevents the free flow of capital, labour, and free market principles. Because of their disastrous impacts, occurrences of terrorism have serious implications on the performance of international and UK organizational. Immediate responses are felt in financial markets and the effected industry sectors. These sustained reactions can be observed through macroeconomic impacts, economic policy responses and investor confidence. As world move towards more liberal economies and democratic political structures, organizations must have the ability to adapt and respond to terrorist events. In order to do so, decision makers and policy makers need a more complete picture and understanding of the deleterious effects of terrorism on organization. 3. Research Methodology: The main proposed research methodology is secondary research which is based on the critical and comprehensive analysis of the existing published literature related to the specific area of research. Books, published journal articles, published research reports, surveys, organizational records, qualitative research and internet (websites and search engines) will be used to collect secondary sources data. I think these sources will help me to complete my research work. I will use all the above mentioned secondary research methods for my research work and I am highly interested to use the deductive method because it is more logical and authentic way to prove my research. Moreover I will use both quantitative and qualitative techniques to critically analyze my collected data and to reach the conclusion. But in this research work, I will prefer to use more qualitative method of data collection. According to Lincoln and Guba (1985) a qualitative method captures a more complete picture of individual lived experience instead of a narrow perspective of generalizations. The qualitative data provide me an opportunity to study the material of the recent or more distant past to gain the more insights information for methodological and theoretical purposes. 3.1 Advantages of secondary research methodology: This kind of research helps in examining large scale trend. It is easy to accessible so researcher can consume most of its time in critically analysing data rather than collecting it. Sometime primary data collection is not necessary for the research, because of the available secondary data is completely suitable to draw a conclusions and answers of the questions and sufficient for solving problem. The collection of secondary data is far cheaper than the collection of primary data. For the same level of research budget secondary research definitely gives relatively more information than the primary research can give. The time consumption is much less in the collection of data and conducting results in comparison with the primary research. The results obtain from secondary source of information may more precise than the result obtain from the primary data collection. It may not happen all the time but if research is about at large scale. 3.2 Problems of Secondary Research: In secondary research the researches have to be careful about authenticity of secondary resources. Because at the same type of data or idea two different types of department or persons have different type of opinion. Some time material available for research is too old and out dated, so it may difficult for researcher to interpret results. The source of the data and material may not reliable each time, so it may impact the reliability and authenticity of results of the research. Sometimes secondary research has lack of firmness of perspective. If data and material collected from non authentic sources it is difficult to check its biasness and inaccuracies. The published material and statistics often raise more questions than answers. 3.3 Limitations: There are some limitations the data may have and the problems that could arise if these limitations are ignored. The verification of existing data is difficult. Secondary data can be general and vague and sometimes it may cause difficulties in decision making. It is possible that data could be out dated and the sample used to generate the secondary data maybe small. The data publisher company may not be reputable. While keeping in mind those limitations of secondary data, I will use data for my research from reputable academic websites and published literature. 3.4 Conclusion: A use and search of secondary data should be preceding any primary research activity. Secondary data definitely helps to solve and understand the problem and gives valid answers. The process of collecting secondary data for research is far cheaper and quicker in compare with primary data at in some cases it could be more accurate. There is always a need of evaluation about data and its source before using it for research. Where possible it is better to take same data from different sources so the biasness and errors can be double check for the more accurate results. 4. Research Structure and Design: This research consists of six chapters. It begins with chapter 1, which reveals the need, aim and objectives for this research to be attained. Chapter 2 of my research will discuss the methodology, which enables me to fulfil the requirements of this research. Chapter 3 is an extensive and deep interpretation of literature review about terrorism. Chapter 4 of this research will explore the impacts of terrorism on businesses. Chapter 5 of this research evaluates performance and adaptation of suitable strategy by management on different kind of business activities and also scrutinize the different business strategic views which a business can adopt for minimizing the effects of terrorism. Finally chapter 6 of this research is the conclusion and recommendation chapter which will answer all the key questions, aim and objectives of this research seek. 5. Research Implementation Plan: Research Plan Week beginning Date. 23-10-2010 No. Of Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Background reading and literature review x x Research design and plan x Choice of methodology x Gathering data x x Data analysis and refine x x Writing up draft x x x Editing final document x x Produce final document x Document passed to supervisor to read x 6. Research Ethics: While carrying out the research, the most important thing to keep in mind and practice is the ethical considerations. And in my research work this is very critical and of prime consideration. I will follow all the ethical considerations and guidelines. As my research work is based on secondary research, so what ever the secondary data I will use to achieve my research objectives, I will follow the all terms and conditions of ethical considerations. Throughout my research I will practice honesty in processing and reporting all the data, this will be my own work and I will not copy the other researcher data or work, I will not be bias in my research while collecting or processing the data. I will try my utmost to avoid the omissions and errors while analysing the data and will keep all the record of the data and their valid sources. I am fully aware that the plagiarism is a serious academic crime, so I will not plagiarise my research. I will quote all the citations and that will be ful ly referenced. Economic Effects of Terrorism in the UK Economic Effects of Terrorism in the UK Terrorism has deep history science the cold war but this issue become most salient after terrorist attacks in September 11 2001. This incident affected the UK and international business community in various ways. On one hand the world business community was affected financially, the other hand it suffers due to legal and security issues. The international business between countries was most seriously affected due to security and safety concerns and legal issue. Especially UK, US and other developed countries were compulsion to protect their territory and people on the cost of business with the rest of the world. Many businesses found themselves floundering financially in the months after the terrorist attack on world Trade Centre, while businesses located in world trade centre lost their personal and business locations. According to U.S department of state (2002) more than 3000 people of different nationalities were killed in the terrorist attacks only in the United States in Septemb er 11, 2001. The attacks were the conspicuous example of terrorism on global level. According to the overview of European commission (2001) this was the one of the major event in the past decades which diversifies the viewpoint and outlook of people around the world. Terrorism affects both the long term and short term perspectives of the businesses around the world. Czinkota (2002) cited that terrorism influenced long term karma of entire industries, for example tourism, retailing and manufacturing industries. In this competitive age, the business environment is changing dramatically. The international business has culminated in a global economy, with diverging cultures. But, there are strong protests against globalization echoing its destabilizing effects from many corners of the world. Terrorism can be seen, in substantial part, as a result of this backlash to the businesses. There are number of definitions of terrorism, in the world of Alexander et al (1979) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorism is a threat or use of enforcement and inclemency to achieve a political goal by means of intimidation fear, and coercionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. In the present world context, the European Union (2001) define the terrorism relevant to international business in the following words. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Terrorist offences are certain criminal offences set out in a list comprised largely of serious offences against persons and property which, given their nature or context, may seriously damage a country or an international org anisation where committed with the aim of: seriously intimidating a population; or unduly compelling a Government or international organisation to perform or abstain from performing any act; or seriously destabilizing or destroying the fundamental political, constitutional, economic or social structures of a country or an international organisationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. In UK terrorism is not new phenomenon but businesses were highly affected due to September 11, 2001 and July 7, 2005 incident. Although the economic impact on UK businesses has not been detrimental as initially feared but it is very important not to diminish the impact of even small unforeseen costs can have on businesses in particular. However many UK businesses were relived that tangible impact of terrorist attacks had been very small but business confidence is the key and has inevitably been affected in short term. The biggest economic impacts of past twenty years terrorist attacks is the damage to confidence in the UK businesses and people. This study is another attempt to research and investigates the impacts of terrorism on the UK businesses activities and we will also discuss different approaches for reducing and handling the terrorism threats. 1.1 Research Aim: The aim of this research is to analyse and explore the economic effects of terrorism on businesses in the United Kingdom. The second part of this research is to critically analyse and recommend the most appropriate strategies for management to deal with the terrorist threats or scrutinize the different business strategic views to avoid and minimise the impact of terrorism on UK businesses. 1.2 Research Objectives: This research has the following individual objectives: Critically analyse the economic impact of terrorism on UK organizations and the entire economy in UK. Evaluate the managerial performance in organizations, before, during and after the happening of the terrorist attacks and in uncertain environment. 1.3 Research Questions: What are the economic effects of terrorism on business? How to development strategy for managers or adopt a better approaches to deal with above mentioned issues? 2. Literature Review: In this era terrorism is arguably one of the biggest threats to the business around the world. It can take many shapes and forms. The last twenty years have seen a dramatic rise in terrorism. Terrorism did not begin in 21st century after World Trade Centre terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001. The terrorism history is as old as humansà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ willingness to use violence to affect politics. Europe, United States and other continents have a very long and sad history of terrorist attacks. In past century IRA in UK, ETA in Spain, Brigate Rosse in Itely, Rote Armee Fraktion in Germany, 7 November in Greece are the few worse examples of terrorist groups in Europe. In United States we remember the bombing in Oklahoma City in 1994, World Trade Center bombing in 1993 and 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks. But September 11 2001 attacks have changed the world, as UN Secretary General Kofi Annan has said, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“none of the issue that faced us on 11 September 2001 has beco me less urgentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Now the terrorism has grown to an unprecedented limit and in multiplicity. As we know that, even terrorist without the use of weapons of mass destruction can kill thousands of people and destroy businesses (Gabriele G.S. Suder 2004). According to Blomberg et al 2004 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorism is associated with a diversion of spending from investment to governmentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ expenditureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. To fund these government expenditures, they borrow from foreign financial institutions and governments. The develop countries with less volatile currencies normally issue long term debts to cover the deficit and less developing countries confronting terrorism by government spending through sale of foreign reserves, printing more currency and increasing inflation. Gupta Clements (2004) reached the same conclusion, that the terrorist activities severe impacts on less develop countries than developed from monetary policy perspective. Terrorism has its massive effects on economy and business activities. It effects deleteriously on marketing strategies, buyer demand and market supply effect immensely. Most firms operating in the affected area gets impact from the thrust of government policies to quell terrorism. This kind of wide-spread results predict an escalate attractiveness of terrorism, as part for that group which assume to develop the core of businesses. It is impossible to secure all of the targets of terrorism at the same time. In the number of attacks done by small terrorist groups with least resources the loss was massive. If costs of an attack be measured by the loss which businesses faced, the businesses always paid far great amount than the cost to terrorist group. Hoffman (1998) cited that the cost of the bomb was not more than $400, which was the reason of the loss of $550 millions in the blast of World Trade Centre 1993. The amount which is sending to protect the world from terrorism is many billi on dollars, while the terrorist cost nothing in front of it. This threat of terrorism attacks poses a continuous threat and create atmosphere of risk for the businesses. This risk itself creates extension for treatment of risk in management theories. The majority of management literature theories adopt term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"uncertaintyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ as a factor of unpredictable environment which may influence the performance of firms in certain ways. The environment effected by terrorism also has a factor of unpredictability in it. Businesses internationally and locally particularly affected by terrorism because when some thing happen it disrupt the supply chain and business activities in addition to interrupt information flows, and effects on the demand for industrial side as well as consumer side. Every year more than trillion dollars are spent on combating terrorism. This along with billons dollars lost in property damage, loss of human resources and decrease in key industries potential profit. It is a plague on global economy and affects on everyone from entire countries to all the way down to individual. Terrorism in recent years has sparked, increase in fear and demand higher level of security. The cost of terrorism can be broken down into number of areas and come down to direct effects, response costs and negative effects on key industries. For example, Manchester bombing was carried out by IRA in 1996 targeted the city centre infrastructure and economy caused widespread damage. According to the BBC News (2004), over 400 businesses within the half a mile of the blast were affected and 40% of which did not recover. Another example of terrorist attack on businesses is Baltic Exchange bombing 1992, which damaged the Exchange and surrounding buildings and caused  £800 millions worth of damage. The latest terrorist attacks in UK was July 7 London bombing, which had massive effects on UK businesses. According to the LCCI (2005) report, business confidence in London had slumped to the lowest levels not seen since the start of Iraq war. Because, terrorist attacks disrupt supply chain and other business activities. Alexander (2004) says in his book Business Confronts Terrorism, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s implication on business merits closer scrutiny given its relation to economic security. Terror metamorphoses business causing business to deal with current threats and craft plans to reduce future challenges. Terrorists weaken society and business through their mani pulation of economic systems componentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Terrorism interrupts information flows and effects on the demand form both business and consumer side. This falling demand may have different outcomes which may comprises of losses of customers contracts, customer trust, reduces market share, decline in turnover and profitability and also result business failure. For example according to the LCCA report, UK tourism industry badly effected by July 7 terrorist attacks. The Guardianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s research shows that after July 7 Bombing, Londoners themselves who are leaving the centre in the evening rather than the tourists. Within a month after these attacks, it has been estimated that terrorism cost UK tourism industry in excess of  £300 million. According to U.S Department of state (2002) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“terrorist select businesses for attack compare to other targetsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The most kind of attack is bomb blast, although armed attacks and kidnapping are also some kinds of terrorist attacks. According to Council of Foreign Relations (2002) report, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the majority of victims in terrorist attack are civilians and the relatively large number of business may not prepare to face these kinds of risksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Managers and decision makers remain confident about handling unexpected risk. However the scenario has changed as it was at the time of terrorist attack in 9/11. Kunreuther et al (2003) cited that during the days of terrorist attacks in 9/11 a common feeling came into mind of people that it could be me. But with the passage of time this may give way to may be it will not à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"meà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ next time. This kind of behaviour is more common now a day in south Asia. But it is a common thinki ng that it is extremely easy for terrorist that to attack any where in the world. Even in low cost and low tech attacks terrorists achieve to disrupt the world economy. After the September 11 terrorist attacks many UK international organisations have badly affected legally because new laws introduced and they struggle to keep up with new rules and regulations imposed by international community in the effort to prevent further terrorist attacks. Anne Slaughter (2005) cited that new international laws restricted the companies for shipping goods across international borders and requires them to keep proper track of their activities. The anti terrorist laws have made very complicated for organizations to conduct their business activities across the international borders as a result many organisations have restructured theirs companies to allow them to meet demands of international anti terror laws. Another major issue that effect the international organizations is security and they have to invest huge amount of money to improve both internal and external security. External security is most important because terrorist target organizations to achieve thei r targets. Internal security also need to improve to ensure that organisation have financial records, employees records and ensure that employees do not have any criminal backgrounds or involved in terrorist activities in the past. It is vital for all organizations that they protect themselves and their stakeholders from terrorist activities. The international organizations should not underestimate the impact of terrorism because they make billions dollars each year and provide employment millions of people around the world. In this modern era, it is very easy for terrorist to attack international organizations in such a way that they would stop them from operating in an effective manner. It is very difficult to explain, why terrorism has become the major problem for big and international organizations. Modern terrorism is particularly onerous, because of characteristic of its impact. The impact of terrorism on macroeconomic is crucial, customers feel themselves in stress and some kind of continuous fear which definitely effects the spending patterns. Managerial behaviour in macro economy also feels consequences of terrorism. Media have its vital role in ending fear among the society but very often it fails. Many of times, because of the irresponsible reporting it generates scenes of ever present possibility of terrorist act. According to Crenshaw (1990) the new and fastest ways of communication allow people to know about happens in the other part of the world within minutes about any terrorist attack. On the other hand terrorist groups are adopting the latest techniques to communicate with each other and even sometime just for spreading fear with in the specific community to achieve their targets. Czinkota et al (2004) cited that terrorist also using old traditional ways to communi cate which are unable to penetrate. The latest ways of transportation system gives terrorist groups better way to move around. The impact of terrorism can be calculated from a number of ways. According to Czinkota et al (2004) the micro level research is a moderate degree of research. It help to analyze effects of terrorism on specific regions, value chain or cross industry level, but can be determine and examine more specifically than those of macro level. When terrorist events happens if effects businesses direct and indirect way and disrupt the economic process. To make the effects of the terrorist activities stronger terrorist groups try to make businesses their direct targets. Business are more attractive target for those groups as their presence is everywhere and their aftermaths are more deep on society and on the economics. 2.1 Conclusion: Terrorism effects business activates deeply. This threat compel almost every department of business which cause decline in the profit of firm and on the other side the whole economy has to bear the cost of every single act of terrorism. According to LCCI (2005) report, after 9/11 terrorist attacks, majority of organizations fear high risk of terrorist attacks and they have contingency plan in place to deal with uncertainty. As globalization integrates multinational organizations and financial markets, events like terrorism which spurn economic uncertainty have increasingly international consequences. Terrorism causes unpredictable political and economic consequences, infuses the public with fear and prevents the free flow of capital, labour, and free market principles. Because of their disastrous impacts, occurrences of terrorism have serious implications on the performance of international and UK organizational. Immediate responses are felt in financial markets and the effected industry sectors. These sustained reactions can be observed through macroeconomic impacts, economic policy responses and investor confidence. As world move towards more liberal economies and democratic political structures, organizations must have the ability to adapt and respond to terrorist events. In order to do so, decision makers and policy makers need a more complete picture and understanding of the deleterious effects of terrorism on organization. 3. Research Methodology: The main proposed research methodology is secondary research which is based on the critical and comprehensive analysis of the existing published literature related to the specific area of research. Books, published journal articles, published research reports, surveys, organizational records, qualitative research and internet (websites and search engines) will be used to collect secondary sources data. I think these sources will help me to complete my research work. I will use all the above mentioned secondary research methods for my research work and I am highly interested to use the deductive method because it is more logical and authentic way to prove my research. Moreover I will use both quantitative and qualitative techniques to critically analyze my collected data and to reach the conclusion. But in this research work, I will prefer to use more qualitative method of data collection. According to Lincoln and Guba (1985) a qualitative method captures a more complete picture of individual lived experience instead of a narrow perspective of generalizations. The qualitative data provide me an opportunity to study the material of the recent or more distant past to gain the more insights information for methodological and theoretical purposes. 3.1 Advantages of secondary research methodology: This kind of research helps in examining large scale trend. It is easy to accessible so researcher can consume most of its time in critically analysing data rather than collecting it. Sometime primary data collection is not necessary for the research, because of the available secondary data is completely suitable to draw a conclusions and answers of the questions and sufficient for solving problem. The collection of secondary data is far cheaper than the collection of primary data. For the same level of research budget secondary research definitely gives relatively more information than the primary research can give. The time consumption is much less in the collection of data and conducting results in comparison with the primary research. The results obtain from secondary source of information may more precise than the result obtain from the primary data collection. It may not happen all the time but if research is about at large scale. 3.2 Problems of Secondary Research: In secondary research the researches have to be careful about authenticity of secondary resources. Because at the same type of data or idea two different types of department or persons have different type of opinion. Some time material available for research is too old and out dated, so it may difficult for researcher to interpret results. The source of the data and material may not reliable each time, so it may impact the reliability and authenticity of results of the research. Sometimes secondary research has lack of firmness of perspective. If data and material collected from non authentic sources it is difficult to check its biasness and inaccuracies. The published material and statistics often raise more questions than answers. 3.3 Limitations: There are some limitations the data may have and the problems that could arise if these limitations are ignored. The verification of existing data is difficult. Secondary data can be general and vague and sometimes it may cause difficulties in decision making. It is possible that data could be out dated and the sample used to generate the secondary data maybe small. The data publisher company may not be reputable. While keeping in mind those limitations of secondary data, I will use data for my research from reputable academic websites and published literature. 3.4 Conclusion: A use and search of secondary data should be preceding any primary research activity. Secondary data definitely helps to solve and understand the problem and gives valid answers. The process of collecting secondary data for research is far cheaper and quicker in compare with primary data at in some cases it could be more accurate. There is always a need of evaluation about data and its source before using it for research. Where possible it is better to take same data from different sources so the biasness and errors can be double check for the more accurate results. 4. Research Structure and Design: This research consists of six chapters. It begins with chapter 1, which reveals the need, aim and objectives for this research to be attained. Chapter 2 of my research will discuss the methodology, which enables me to fulfil the requirements of this research. Chapter 3 is an extensive and deep interpretation of literature review about terrorism. Chapter 4 of this research will explore the impacts of terrorism on businesses. Chapter 5 of this research evaluates performance and adaptation of suitable strategy by management on different kind of business activities and also scrutinize the different business strategic views which a business can adopt for minimizing the effects of terrorism. Finally chapter 6 of this research is the conclusion and recommendation chapter which will answer all the key questions, aim and objectives of this research seek. 5. Research Implementation Plan: Research Plan Week beginning Date. 23-10-2010 No. Of Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Background reading and literature review x x Research design and plan x Choice of methodology x Gathering data x x Data analysis and refine x x Writing up draft x x x Editing final document x x Produce final document x Document passed to supervisor to read x 6. Research Ethics: While carrying out the research, the most important thing to keep in mind and practice is the ethical considerations. And in my research work this is very critical and of prime consideration. I will follow all the ethical considerations and guidelines. As my research work is based on secondary research, so what ever the secondary data I will use to achieve my research objectives, I will follow the all terms and conditions of ethical considerations. Throughout my research I will practice honesty in processing and reporting all the data, this will be my own work and I will not copy the other researcher data or work, I will not be bias in my research while collecting or processing the data. I will try my utmost to avoid the omissions and errors while analysing the data and will keep all the record of the data and their valid sources. I am fully aware that the plagiarism is a serious academic crime, so I will not plagiarise my research. I will quote all the citations and that will be ful ly referenced.

Oedipus Rex Essay -- Literary Analysis, Sophocles

Even though Oedipus is a hero, we should not admire him, as the intentions for his actions are self-centered. This distinction is necessary to help us better understand the difference between being a hero, and a hero worth of admiration. It is important to know that somebody’s admiration must ultimately stem from the intentions of their actions rather than the results of their actions alone, so we can act accordingly in the future. Oedipus is a hero, as defined by Johnston. According to Johnston, ‘a hero is someone who confronts fate in a very personal manner and whose reaction to that encounter serves to illuminate for us our own particular condition’ (Johnston, Part 2). Oedipus definitely confronts fate in a personal manner. Among other things, he challenges the mysterious qualities of fate by pursuing the Shepherd despite warnings from Jocasta (Sophocles, 71). Oedipus follows through on confronting fate with his individual approach of uncompromising persistence and integrity (Johnston, Part 3). Even at the end of his downfall, Oedipus maintains that Kreon should banish him and that he must obey the curses he himself ordered for the murderer of King Laios (Sophocles, 89-90). Despite being so broken and publicly shamed, Oedipus still persists with his former way of interacting with fate : noble defiance (Johnston, Part 3). Although this quality itself is admirable, Oedipus takes uncompromising to the extreme, losing insight on everything else. Oedipus becomes ignorant to his surroundings, leading to his downfall (Johnston, Part 3). Oedipus’ story also challenges the fundamental belief that life should be rational and just. (Johnston, Part 3) His story illuminates that fate is arbitrarily cruel and will sometimes pick the gre... ...gender, she did not let this discourage her, but rather become the motivation to start the Million Signatures Campaign, demanding an end to legal discrimination against women in Iranian law. For her work, Ebadi received death threats against herself and her family and had to seek refuge in Canada as the current regime increased its prosecution of ‘political dissidents’. Although Ebadi, like Oedipus, had to ultimately live outside their community for living completely on their own terms, she was motivated by her intention to better the lives of others living in a similar situation as she once faced. On the other hand, Oedipus, although caring for the wellbeing of Thebes, is must more motivated to realize his greatness and sense of self than to rid Thebes of its worries. The difference of intentions makes Ebadi the admirable hero, and Oedipus, just a heroic man.

Physical and Mental Health

Physical and Mental Health Exercise and nutrition has never really been a priority for me. Most of my life I have been thin so I never had to watch my weight. Now as I get older I notice that because of my schedule, and the things I eat, I am retaining more weight than usual. I have attempted to incorporate an exercise regimen for my family, but it doesn’t seem to stick. I have joined gyms, walked in my neighborhood and watch workout videos and none of these practices stay around too long. I understand that having a regimen is important.I think the best thing for me is to start off with something light and easy ad then gradually increase to something a little longer and that require more effort. Learning to incorporate an exercise program is highly important to me since cancer and diabetes run in my family. I know that a regular exercise program reduces the dangers of stroke, osteoporosis, diabetes and some forms of cancer (Components of Health: Weight, Exercise, and Sleep. Wi tt, G. A. , & Mossler, R. A. (2010) Adult Development and Life Assessment. I have, however, made the steps in my home to provide better quality nutrition for my family. I try to minimalize fast foods, cook healthy balanced meals at least 4 days a week and I attempt to keep healthy and nutritious snacks around the house so we don’t eat a lot of junk food. I experience high levels of stress from time to time. Most of the stress I experience is equivalent to a normal wife, mother and entrepreneur but maintaining a household, family and a business can have its ups and downs.In order to relieve my stressful times, I usually try to find a quiet space or moment to take a breather and just clear my head. I think learning to delegate responsibilities, managing my time more wisely, and setting aside time for relaxation will help me better cope with my high stress times. References: Components of Health: Weight, Exercise, and Sleep. Witt, G. A. , & Mossler, R. A. (2010) Adult Developmen t and Life Assessment.

Western Contemporary Issues Essay Example

Western Contemporary Issues Essay Example Western Contemporary Issues Essay Western Contemporary Issues Essay Western contemporary issues plague religious traditions. As new issues arise, religious leaders have to scramble to give congregations advise on how to address these issues. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity have all had to struggle with contemporary issues, especially in the Western secular world. Issues such as abortion create many problems for religious leaders, especially those in Western societies, and this can create animosity and hate amongst societies that are tolerant with different practices. Religious freedom is a gift. It is one that we were most generously given by our forefathers. From this freedom to practice religions freely has come secularism in a good portion of westernized societies. Secularism is when no one religion influences the practices and beliefs of the government (Websters, 2010). Secularism has given a gift of freedom of religion, or freedom of no religion, but with that comes many issues that take a secular side. Therefore, there is a disconnect between religions and government. Abortion is a well-debated issue. The question is when does life begin? Some people believe that it begins after birth, or when the fetus can survive outside the womb by itself. And some believe that it is when conception happens. This is where the abortion debate begins. Christians believe that life begins at conception; therefore, they do not believe in the act of abortion (Catechism, 2010). This is an issue that the United States government allows because the government believes in a woman’s right to choose if she would like to keep her child. This western contemporary issue is one that is debated. This issue has gone all the way to the Supreme Court. In the United States right now, abortion is legal. Societies that are religious based, especially those in the Middle East, try to fight the influence of the western contemporary societies. For example, abortions are not legal in these societies; however, there are extreme punishments for women who are accused or committed premarital relations. She may be punished for even being raped because she is not longer pure (Molloy, 2010). Muslims who live in western societies have challenges as well. While they are free to practice their faith in Western societies, they also have the â€Å"temptations† of those freedoms, like abortion. Sometimes, freedom to partake in practices like abortion, create hatred for other societies. We see this in extremists from all sorts of religions. For example, Anti-Semitic believers do not believe that Jews have the right to practice and live their Jewish faith. This Anti-Semitic view was very prevalent during World War II, when hate that Hitler created killed millions of Jews (Molloy, 2010). We still see hatred today. On September 11, 2001, Muslim extremists attacked the United States. These extremists do not believe in religious freedom and they do not like the freedom that Western societies give to their citizens. This hatred for change and love for their religion can reap havoc and cause mass wars. There is a fine balance that must be achieved to protect the sacred elements of religion and to create a free society that can practice whatever faith they believe in. We are continuously trying to marry these differences to promote peace. Peace is a reoccurring theme in most religions, but peace seems to be disrupted by hate and war (Molloy, 2010). Government and religious leaders will have to continue to find the line where peace may occur. References Catholic Church (2007). Catechism of the Catholic Church (4th ed. ). Vatican: Liberia Editrice Vaticana. Molloy, M. (2010). Experiencing the world’s religions: Tradition, challenge, and change (5th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Webster’s Dictionary (2010). Webster’s Dictionary (11th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

A Room of Ones Own essays

A Room of One's Own essays Virginia Woolfs A Room of Ones Own broke new territory in suggesting that the reason there were very few acknowledged womens writers at this time was because women lead hard lives in comparison to men and that the conditions needed to produce women writers was not conducive for them at this time. Her response was that for women to write literature they must have a room of their own, both literaraly and symbolically. This entailed real space and privacy for women to write in, the financial freedom to write without enduring unwanted jobs, women role models and the freedom and power to choose their own career path. Throughout this course the majority of women we have studied have had the privilege of fulfilling these requirements and thus had a room of ones own. Therefore, to be a successful female writer it is essential to have a room of ones own, although I believe that the above requirements are not all necessary and that todays room has changed. Womens lives were made less accessible to writing because of the requirements on women. Women were the wives, cooks, cleaners and employees. Women were responsible for bearing and raising the children and because of this they were at a disadvantage to the opportunities afforded to men. Women simply did not have the time to sit down in a quite room and write and moreover, she argues that women were not allowed until very recently to gain an education parable to mens, and even this is debatable. Throughout time, Woolf argues, women have been slaves, often locked up, not free to choose their partner and frequently beaten by their husbands. Women were shut up in unwanted families that force them to become economically, psychologically and physically dependent on men. How can women write quality literature amid these conditions? Woolf writes, Making a fortune and bearing thirteen children- no human being...

Women Liberation Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women Liberation Movement - Essay Example This study outlines that this movement became very powerful and a clear change was observed regarding women’s place in society, meanwhile a serious hatred by men was seen especially for women liberation movement. An interesting fact is that in 1970 there were three television shows that played an important role through out this movement. These programs were the Charles angel, the Mary Tyler Moore show and bionic women. The two different approaches can be explained through following diagram: The reason behind this hatred was that lot of men hated the idea of women working, especially in jobs outside the traditional service and clerical fields and who hate the wider changes of which working women are a part. As the paper highlights the feminist movement affected change in Western society especially, including womens suffrage; the right to make divorce proceedings and "no fault" divorce; and the women’s right to make individual decisions regarding pregnancy (including access to contraceptives and abortion); and the right to own any land or property. If we see around us we will find that the issues that were raised by women liberation movement still exist in our society. Women had to face sexual harassment in job places; they are still used as sex symbols in media, women still had to face abortion complication, gender discrimination is still part of our society and last but not the least women is still considered as less capable then men. This movement was one of the most popular and power full movement of its time. The historical argument that â€Å"it is a series of campaigns on issues such as reproductive rights (sometimes including abortion), domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, sexual harassment, and sexual violence.†

Introduction for Postnatal Depression (PND) Essay

Introduction for Postnatal Depression (PND) - Essay Example irth but these issues are distinct from postnatal depression by means of preponderance, the clinical demonstration of the illness, the time of onset, period of illness, and time of recurrence of disease. The most usual mental illness linked with post pregnancy and birth of the child is unipolar depression either major or minor, this depression can happen to any women anytime after the childbirth and within the first postnatal year. Postnatal depression is chiefly second to women with caesarean cases, as these cases result in more frequent complexities during and after childbirth (Walsh, pp. 24-29, 2009). During the last few years, the facilities and services rendered to the expected women, mothers and their infants have undergone major improvements complimenting with exponential decline in death rate of infants and the expecting women (Affonso et al, pp. 255-271, 1991). These improvements are due to the development in different departments such as obstetrics and medicine, bettered obstetric standards, much improved midwifery care and concern, and the development in health education, social service, health of people and maintenance of general hygienic environment. Nevertheless, the sector of mental healthcare has not achieved such great improvements in order to reduce the mental illness and depression among the expecting women, mothers and their infants. The wide range of variation in symptoms of the mental illness can result in difficulty in diagnosis of postnatal depression (Affonso et al, pp. 255-271, 1991). The situation gets even more difficult when the women do not have enough knowledge to understand the symptoms as signs of depression or if the corporeal symptoms have greater influence than the symptoms of mental illnesses. Sad, gloomy, irritated and exhausted moms attend the primary care more often but with issues related to their child only and not themselves. Authentic methods and reliable techniques are compulsory in order to recognize depression and