The Great Gatsby Book Report Essay -- essays research papers

Summary At the onset of this book, the reader is introduced to the narrator, Nick Carraway, who relates the past happenings that construct the story of Jay Gatsby and Nick during the summer of 1922. After fighting in World War I, or the Great War as Nick called it, Nick left his prominent family in the West of America for the North where he intended to learn the bond business. Nick was originally supposed to share a house in West Egg near New York City with an associate of his, but the man backed out and so Nick lived with only a Finnish cook. Right next door, Gatsby lived in a glorious mansion with expansive gardens and a marble swimming pool, among other luxuries. Yet Nick did not even hear about Gatsby until he went to visit his distant family at East Egg next to West Egg. Daisy was Nick’s second cousin once removed, and Tom Buchanan was Daisy’s hulking brute of a husband and classmate of Nick’s from college. Jordan Baker, a prominent tennis player of the time, was staying with Daisy and Tom. As they sat down and chatted, it was Jordan who mentioned Gatsby, saying that she had been to one of his extravagant parties that he held every weekend. The four sat down to dinner when Tom received a phone call, which Daisy suspected to be from Tom’s mistress. Afterwards, Daisy and Nick talked and Jordan and Tom went out to walk about the grounds. Daisy talked about her little daughter and how when she was born Tom was not even there and she had wished out loud that she would be a fool, for that was the only way she could ever be happy. The four met again at the house and then Jordan went to bed and Nick went home. In the next chapter, the reader is introduced the bleak stretch of land between New York City and West Egg. It was there that Nick first met Tom’s mistress. Nick and Tom were taking the train into New York City one Saturday when Tom signaled to Nick that they were going to get off the train halfway to their destination in what seemed to be the middle of nowhere. Tom walked into an auto garage where he talked with a man named George Wilson, who asked about a car Tom was supposed to sell him. Wilson’s wife, Myrtle, emerged from the upstairs of the garage. When Wilson went off to his office for a moment, Tom quickly told Myrtle that he wanted to see her and to take the next train into New York. They arranged where they would meet quickly and moved away f... ...al 1922. F. Scott Fitzgerald was not biased for or against the rich in writing this book, he was simply trying to chronicle the lives and times of the early part of the 20’s. His lack of a bias is what makes his book such an accurate description of the era that he wrote about. This book should be considered â€Å"required reading† because it introduces the reader to what life was like for the rich at that time, as well as the general mood that pervaded the decade. It speaks of concepts such as bootlegging, gambling, and â€Å"new money†, ideas that previously were not commonly written of. F. Scott Fitzgerald can be considered an authority on the twenties because he lived in the twenties with the type of people that were described in his book. Theme In writing this book, commonly refered to as the â€Å"Great American Novel†, F. Scott Fitzgerald achieved in showing future generations what the early twenties were like, and the kinds of people that lived then. He did this in a beautifully written novel with in-depth characters, a captivating plot, and a wonderful sense of the time period. Bibliographical Data F. Scott Fitzgerald; The Great Gatsby; Simon and Schuster Publishing;  © 1925; 189 pages

Education is not the only key to success Essay

Most groups use some form of parliamentary procedure for their meetings. This Factsheet not only briefly explains proper parliamentary procedure for more formal meetings, but also describes acceptable alternatives for decision-making in smaller groups. Rules For Meetings Just as the object of a game gives direction to its players, traditional principles of a democratic meeting guide group members when they gather: 1. Every member has rights equal to every other member. 2. The will of the majority must be carried out. 3. The minority must be heard, and its rights protected. Only one topic will be considered at a time. In order to play a particular game, certain rules for that game must be followed. â€Å"Parliamentary procedure† is a set of rules for meetings which ensures that the traditional principles of equality, harmony and efficiency are kept. Robert’s Rules of Order, the best-known description of standard parliamentary procedure, is used by many different organizations as their rule book for conducting effective meetings. The Problem With Rules The saying â€Å"Rules are meant to be broken †¦ † implies that no rules are perfect. The parliamentary rules used in government provide guidance for a body of hundreds of people meeting daily for months with a great volume of business to conduct. These same rules are not appropriate for all organizations. How rigid are your meetings? Does too much technical procedure (motions, amendments, seconding, etc. ) get in the way of effective decision-making and total group discussion? Too much formality in a meeting will frustrate and discourage members when the proceedings â€Å"bog down†. Parliamentary rules for meetings are intended to help the group conduct its business (fairly and efficiently), not hinder it! There are many effective ways for a group to conduct its meetings. Technical procedure, however, should be discouraged in the average group meeting. Every organization should examine standard parliamentary rules, then interpret and adapt them to its own use. If group members agree that the rules they’ve developed permit a majority to accomplish the organization’s ultimate purpose within a reasonable period of time, while allowing the minority a reasonable opportunity to express its views, then those rules are appropriate. Rules For Small Group Meetings? Meeting procedures for committees, executives and most boards can be much different than those for larger gatherings. Certain formalities are unnecessary when the group size is less than about a dozen members. For example: 1. There is no limit to the number of times a member may speak to an issue. 2. It is not necessary to address the chair before speaking. 3. The chair needn’t leave that post in order to speak, make motions or vote. (In fact, he or she may well be the most active participant in discussions and work of the committee. ) 4. Motions need not be seconded. 5. Action can be taken, at times, without the introduction of a motion. If, however, a small group using these â€Å"relaxed† rules discovers that any one of the four basic meeting principles is being abused, then more formal procedures may be reintroduced to the meeting. Parliamentary Procedure At A Glance If your group follows parliamentary procedure â€Å"by the book†, the occasional technical question might be asked. 1. What is the proper sequence of steps in having a motion voted on? A motion has nine possible steps: Moved – a proposal from the floor. Seconded – another member feels the proposal is worth discussing. Stated – by the chair or secretary. Wording is recorded properly and everyone understands the intent of the proposal. Discussed – every speaker addresses the chair and must speak only to the motion. Usually, each member may speak only once to a motion except the mover who has first and last chance to speak. Amended – changing the wording of the motion by: adding or deleting words replacing with different words. – each amendment has the same 9 steps as a motion. Called – after sufficient discussion, either a motion to end debate or a vote is called at the discretion of the chair. Restated – ensures everyone understands what is being voted on. Voted – chair calls each option: â€Å"All in favour? â€Å", â€Å"Opposed? † or â€Å"Abstaining? † Declared – results of the vote are announced by the chair. 2. Can the intent of the main motion be changed by an amendment? Yes; the main motion may be changed, contrary to the intent of its movers. Only two criteria govern the use of an amendment: An amendment may not convert a motion to its direct negative; and An amendment must be pertinent to the topic in the main motion. E. g. , a motion â€Å"to purchase a new typewriter for the secretary† may not have â€Å"and to pay the expenses of delegates to the annual meeting† added to it. This amendment clearly has no relationship with the secretary’s need for new equipment. 3. How many amendments can be made to a motion? There are only two kinds of amendments: those pertaining to the proposed motion called â€Å"first rank†; and those pertaining to a proposed amendment called â€Å"second rank† (amendment to the amendment). Only one amendment of each rank may be on the floor at one time. Any number of amendments may be made to most motions, but no â€Å"second rank† amendments may be amended (i. e. , an amendment to the amendment to the amendment is not allowed! ). 4. How can a meeting start without a quorum? A quorum is the minimum number of eligible voters that must be present at a meeting to conduct business. This number is designated in the by-laws of the organization and for a board is usually half the voting members plus one. If no quorum is present when the advertised hour of the meeting has been reached, then: the presiding officer may dismiss the group (after setting a time for future meeting); or the group may agree to proceed informally with the agenda, awaiting ratification of any decisions at a future meeting; or the group may discuss any items of interest but make no decisions. 5. How can our constitution be amended? A good constitution contains provisions for amendment, so the structure and procedures can continually meet the changing needs and purposes of the group. Usually, a special committee is appointed to review the group’s objectives, structure, functions, etc. Copies of its report and recommendations are circulated to all members with the required notice and agenda for the meeting (often the organization’s annual meeting). Any amendments proposed during discussion at the meeting require a majority vote for approval, but the motion to amend the constitution needs a two-thirds majority vote for adoption. Who is the presiding officer at meetings? Often the president is designated in the constitution or by-laws to chair the organization’s meetings. In many groups, however, the chair is assigned to the past-president, special moderator, or to a different person each time on a rotating basis. This allows the president to take a lead in debates on policy rather than maintain a position of â€Å"supposed† neutrality which is directly contrary to his or her usual role as spokesperson for the group. 7. After considerable debate, we still are not ready to vote on the motion. What can we do? A motion to postpone the matter until the next meeting may be in order, so that more information can be gathered. A motion to postpone temporarily (to table) allows a motion to be set aside until later in the meeting, allowing more urgent business to be dealt with, permitting amendments to be drafted, or allowing time for implications of the motion to be checked. A motion to take from the table brings it back before the meeting. The motion may be withdrawn at the request of its mover, but only if no member present objects. 8. What happens when someone yells â€Å"Question! From the floor indicates that he or she wants the motion put to a vote. Only if the chair feels that the motion has had reasonable debate and most members are ready to vote, can he or she call the question (i. e. , â€Å"All those in favour? â€Å", etc. ). Another way to close discussion on a motion is for someone to make a motion to call for a vote. This motion must be seconded and requires a two-thirds majority vote in order to proceed with a vote on the motion on the floor. 9. How should a committee report be accepted by an organization? A motion to â€Å"receive† the report means that the organization is not committed to any of the conclusions or recommendations contained in it. (An example of such a report would be the monthly, unaudited treasurer’s report. ) A motion to â€Å"adopt† the report in whole or in part commits the organization to some or all of the recommendations of the report, and often implies some action to be taken. 10 Sometimes while one motion is being considered, an alternative motion might be the better one. How can it be presented? 1. The movers request permission from the presiding officer to read out the alternative motion. The movers of the original motion are asked if they will withdraw their motion, with the unanimous consent of the meeting. 3. If the original motion is withdrawn, then the alternative motion is moved. 4. If the original motion is not withdrawn, then the movers of the alternative motion inform the meeting that their motion will be moved if the original is defeated. They thus urge the members to vote against the original motion. | Top of Page | Consensus: Another Method Of Decision-Making In Groups How many meetings does your group hold in a year to discuss issues or problems? How much time is spent in each regular meeting making decisions or solving problems? Does the discussion end with a proposal for action? One rule in parliamentary procedure that can hamper a free and easy exchange of ideas is: â€Å"Discussion can take place only after a motion is proposed†. In fact, a motion is a proposed course of action, a solution to a problem, or a decision. By focusing the group’s attention on a solution before realizing the scope of the problem, the group may be voting on something that is entirely inappropriate. Is the â€Å"cart before the horse†? A simple method of ensuring an effective group decision is to build a motion through consensus. This method eliminates a complicated amendment procedure after an initial motion has been proposed. It also ensures that a large majority will agree with the motion rather than the mere 51% required by a typical voting procedure. The following process can be used throughout the meeting for every problem the group needs to discuss. Step 1. Describe the issue or problem confronting the group. – State the problem clearly and concisely. If it is complex, then write it out. Step 2. Gather all information relevant to the problem. – All pertinent facts and ideas about the problem need to be heard in order to make a wise decision. – Distinguish between facts and opinions. A decision can often be made right away. However, action may need to be deferred so that additional information can be gathered. Step 3. List all possible solutions or actions. – Explore alternatives. – Be creative. Use brainstorming techniques to generate new ideas, from every member. Step 4. Choose the best possible solution. – Use a process of elimination; refine and combine parts of your list in step 3. Reaching consensus is not always easy. Some individuals become frustrated with the time taken for group decision-making. Also, this method relies on the discretion of the chair who eventually decides when a general agreement or common â€Å"feeling† has been reached. In some situations, if only extremely vocal and confident individuals dare to challenge the majority view, then the minority opinion is in danger of being suppressed. Using consensus, however, can result in higher quality decisions. The complicated rules of parliamentary procedure are reduced while maximum member participation is encouraged. In the end, group decisions lead to group action! Conclusion Whichever method your group chooses to make its decisions or conduct its meetings, the four principles of a democratic meeting must be followed. As more formal procedures are adopted, more complicated rules are followed. There is little reason for any one person to attempt to learn every rule of parliamentary procedure. To know where to find the answers is enough. The following references may help answer any questions not addressed in this Factsheet. References Parliamentary Procedure at a Glance. Jones, O. Garfield.

A Study on Accountancy Students Shifting to Other Courses

1. A good thesis statement is your introduction to your subject. It is how you introduce yourself and your work to your reader. Your thesis needs to be well researched, provide an overview of your argument, make the reader ask for more, anticipate the readers arguments, and be clear and concise. Research 2. Writing a thesis starts with research. Take a look at the primary sources you have to work with and get an idea of the angle you want to take with your paper: this will be reflected in your thesis. Since research will continue throughout the process of your paper or project, you may end up going in a different direction or being convinced your stance at the beginning was wrong. Do not be afraid to change your thesis. Topic and Road†¦show more content†¦The importance of this bias is illustrated by the fact that several extant studies estimate an equity premium in the vicinity of 3 percent, which would be eliminated by the removal of the bias. We illustrate the point that cross-sample differences in the bias may lead to the erroneous conclusion that cost of capital differs across these samples by showing that analysts optimism and, hence, bias in the implied estimates of the expected rate of return, differs with firm size and with analysts recommendation. As an important aside, we show that the bias in a value-weighted estimate of the implied equity premium is 1.60 percent and that the unbiased value-weighted estimate of this premium is 4.43 percent. EASTON, P., MONAHAN, S., VASVARI, F. Initial Evidence on the Role of Earnings in the Bond Market Journal of Accounting Research We document that: (1) the incidence of bond trade increases during the days surrounding earnings announcements, (2) there is a bond-price reaction to the announcement of earnings, and (3) there is a positive association between annual bond returns and both annual changes in earnings and annual analysts forecast errors. All of these effects are larger when earnings convey bad news or when the underlying bond is more risky. Taken together, our results suggest that the nonlinear payoff structure of bond securities affects the role of accounting earnings in the bond market. EASTON, P.,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Shifting Of Students On Different Academic Tracks1425 Words   |  6 PagesChapter II Review of Related literature and Studies Topic: Causes of Shifting of Students to Different Academic Tracks Background of the Study Prior to 2016, the Philippines is the last country in Asia, and one of only three countries (Angola and Djibouti) in the world that has a 10-year basic education. On May 15, 2013, President Benigno Aquino III signed into law the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 otherwise known as Republic Act No. 10533. 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Art And Its Effect On Society - 996 Words

There are about a million different colors in the world. There are light colors and dark colors and colors in-between. We can use colors to express ourselves and use them to express our moods. People are famous because of art and people have been arrested for art too. People can dedicate art to other people and people can draw themselves too. Million and millions of colors are in the world but only few are known. More colors are discovered ever day by people who experiment with colors. Making different shades of every color. For example, if you mix blue and yellow you get green. If you mix different colors you will get new better colors. Colors are everywhere even if we don’t want them to be. Colors have lots of meanings. We use many of the same colors but we mix them with other colors and we get the different shades of these colors. For example, while red is the color most associated with love, it also the color most frequently associated with hatred, anger, aggression, and war. 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Substance Abuse And Public Administration - 863 Words

Article Analysis: Substance Abuse and Public Administration Substance abuse within the US is a very significant issue, with costs â€Å"exacting over $600 billion annually† (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2015). Various laws and regulations have been put in place in order to lower the amount of substance abuse cases. This has in turn triggered the establishment of appropriate public administration institutions. Even with these institutions there has been very little relief with the issue of substance abuse. Analysis Within this article, Sosin, Smith, Hilton and Jordan focus on substance abuse systems. One of the main downfalls they find with the program is the fact that there is a lack of centralization when administering the programs. In order to improve the operations the administration institutions are prepared to provide any programs with insufficient funding a type of grant which will allow them to better deal with the substance abuse problems they deal with. It is also the job of administrative authorities and legislators to select and regulate â€Å"the agencies that deliver the funded services. Those delivery agencies tend to be nongovernmental local nonprofit and for-profit service providers† (Sosin et al, 2010) The process of rehabilitation for substance abusers usually begins within the state facilities. After the state facilities there is then a slow transfer to the non-profit facilities. There is some confusion and speculation as to which firm is accountable forShow MoreRelatedIllegal Substance Abuse And Addiction1196 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal substance abuse and addiction can have far-reaching negative impacts that affect not only the people who abuse drugs but also their friends, family members, the community, and government resources. Substance abuse can lead to domestic violence, child abuse, suicide, crime, automobile accidents, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, and unwanted pregnancy. 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The Shot Heard Throughout Fargo free essay sample

My journey to completing a full marathon started the second day of eighth grade football.We were required to wear shorts and helmets because the first week was always â€Å"no contact.† Agility stations were on the practice plan for the day.When I got to Mr. Cook’s station, which included backpedaling around cones, being as competitive as I am, I was giving this drill one hundred and ten percent. The next thing I knew, I was on the ground in excruciating pain. I fell while participating in the station and stuck my arms back to catch myself, which ended up being too much stress on my adolescent bones. Instantly I knew that my football season was over. I had put in countless hours of sprints and agility work during the summertime to prepare for football. All that time I spent and training I did was for nothing. The injury was depressing to say the least, coming off our best season the year before. We will write a custom essay sample on The Shot Heard Throughout Fargo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cast on my arm felt like I was carrying around a big club, which got annoying rather quickly. It had been a couple of weeks after I had fractured my wrist when I ran into Mrs. Johnson, our school’s cross country coach, in the hallway. â€Å"Hey Austin, I heard what happened to you at football.It’s not too late to join cross country!† She said enthusiastically. â€Å"I’ll consider it.† I replied, not taking the offer very seriously. I went home that night and talked to my parents about the pros and cons of joining the sport that I knew little about.After sleeping on the decision, I got all of my paperwork in so I was eligible to practice the next day. The first month or so of cross country, I didn’t take it seriously. In my mind, I felt restrained, and I couldn’t do as much as I would have liked to do, with a giant club on my arm. In all reality the cast weighed less than a pound.I was typically in the back, making new friends with other slower runners.I started my running career on JV, but as my weight dropped, so did my times. Every race was better than my last.I actually started to enjoy running.I remember several times that I stayed after practice to run just a couple more miles. The season flew by quickly, and by the end of the season, I worked my way up to being the number six runner on the section roster.As much as I missed the sport of football, I had a new found passion for running. This major improvement inspired me to challenge myself even more with my running.My step father had mentioned to me many times before that running the full marathon in Duluth was one of his greatest achievements in life.I then decided to sign up for the full Fargo marathon. The Fargo marathon was held in May, which meant I would have to train in the frigid Minnesota winter.The first thing I did in preparation for the marathon was make a trip to Scheels in Fargo to purchase some high tech running clothes that could withstand up to subzero weather conditions.That would make the training a little less miserable. Once winter finally came around, I was so busy with hockey that I could hardly find the time or motivation to train.I had probably run only six times all winter, with the farthest being only eleven miles. I was quickly losing interest in running, and eventually forgot about the marathon until the middle of April.Having only trained a handful of times over the long winter, I found myself frantically attempting to transfer to the half marathon instead, but I was two days too late. I was really worried about running the full marathon.However, I figured that if I had enough determination, I could do anything that I set my mind to. On the day of the race, I remember waking up at six in the morning, feeling well rested after getting nine hours of sleep.I was extremely nervous, asI did not know what to expect at all.It was to my advantage that my stepfather had been in the same situation I was in, so he was giving me tips throughout the morning. My parents made me a light breakfast that consisted of sunny side up eggs and whole wheat toast.I didn’t want to eat too much, because I didn’t want my meal to make a reappearance during the race.My parents and I got in the van and headed off to Fargo.I had originally planned on sleeping the whole way there, but I was far too nervous to close my eyelids. Instead, I passed time by coming up with a strategy that would give me a chance to reach the finish line. After listening to some advice from my step father, who was an experienced marathon runner, I decided that my plan was going to be to pace myself. The drive to Fargo seemed far longer than the hour and a half it normally takes to get there. Once we got into town, I noticed that there were cars occupying every possible parking space, which made parking a very difficult task.As I got out of the van, I instantly felt the cool spring breeze mixed in with the morning sun. It was fifty five degrees and partly cloudy, so it was nearly perfect running conditions.It wastime to head over to the starting area where thousands of people lined up for all of the different races being held that day. The race was about to start any minute. I happened to spot my physical education teacher, Mrs. Galzki, waiting in a separate line.It really helped calm my nerves seeing somebody else I knew about to do the same thing as me, onlyfor a shorter distance. â€Å"Good luck Austin!† she shouted, trying to be heard over the huge crowd. â€Å"Thanks! Good luck to you too!† I nervously replied. The sound of a nearby gunshot carried throughout the city of Fargo. My heart dropped instantly, knowing that I wouldn’t see the finish line for at least four more hours.I was at a stand still, waiting for the huge crowd ahead of me to start the long journey. The first couple of miles were the most enjoyable part of the race. I was feeling great, and the positive energy from the other runners was unbelievable. I could hear a pep band playing over the cheering of the crowd. A few runners ran by my side to ask me about my age and how they were impressed that someone so young was competing in a full marathon.I really enjoyed chatting with other runners, because it made time go by quicker, and it kept my mind off of the fact that I wasn’t even halfway finished yet.The first twelve miles were the easiest.Once I reached the halfway point, my time was one hour and fifty minutes, which was much faster than I had anticipated. At the fourteen mile marker, there were people lined up on each side of the road holding water guns. The feeling of cold water on my sweaty body helped make the blazing sun less of a factor. I purposely jogged slower in that stretch so I could soak up as much water as possible. My body may have been soaked, but my mouth was drier than the Sahara Desert.I soon came across a water stand, just when I needed it the most. %I grabbed two cups of water while I jogged past the stand, and finished them faster than a slapshot from the blue line. Shortly after I passed that water stand, I noticed my legs start to lose feeling. With nearly seven miles to go, I was in desperate need of motivation.I wanted so badly to give up at this point, and was on the verge of doing so. It seemed as if God was looking out for me, because I could see my parents holding a couple of signs waiting by the mile twenty marker.I was really emotional at this point, and even cried a little.I have never been pushed to t hese limits before, which is the reason I started to cry. I jogged towards them and was greeted by encouraging words, a banana, and an ice cold powerade. My tongue acted like a sponge and absorbed any liquid that entered my mouth.I said goodbye to both of them, and resumed my journey to the finish line. All of a sudden, my mom was running by my side, and continued to do so until she got tired. â€Å"We will see you at the finish line!† she said in an optimistic tone. Seeing my parents gave me enough motivation to finish out the last 6.2 miles. I don’t remember much about the next five miles, because I was in rough shape and was only focused on reaching the finish line. I could hear the faint sound of music, and knew that it had to be coming from the finish line. Prior to the race, I was told that the last mile was going to be much more difficult than the first twenty five miles. I was so focused on reaching the finish line, that I didn’t even notice the crowd cheering us runners on at this point. The smell of pizza was more encouraging than any words at the moment. After each corner I turned, there was still no finish line to be seen. This was extremely frustrating, and I felt like I was trapped in a never ending maze. However, when I finally saw the finish line, I recall that very moment being one of the happiest of my life. As soon as I reached the finish line, they placed the finishers medal around my neck, and I immediately went over to my parents and gave them a big hug. Without them, I wouldn’t have made it across the finish line. My final time was four hours and fifteen minutes, which was enough to take first place in my age division. I had learned a lot about myself through this great feat that I have accomplished.I learned that with determination, anything is possible.Completing the marathon without adequate training was much more mental toughness than it was physical ability.I never would have guessed that I’d be in this position nine months after I was laying on the football field in excruciating pain.

John C. Calhoun free essay sample

This essay looks at the life of American southerner, John C. Calhoun, proponent of slavery for the purpose of economic stability. This paper presents a look at John C. Calhoun, controversial Southern politician, and his political views on slavery. The author explores several of his speeches as well as his life to explain where he came from and how he became such a controversial politician. The paper explains his reasons for encouraging the continuation of slavery in the South. Throughout American history there have been many people who had had an influence in the course the nation took. John C. Calhoun was one such individual. He was a man who rose to great heights in the political arena and was well known for his controversial views on many issues, Holst, 2001. He was the champion for the south when it came to the issue of slavery and he spoke loud and clear when it came to representing what it was his constituents wanted done about it. We will write a custom essay sample on John C. Calhoun or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Calhoun was a man who was bright, ambitious and goal oriented. He spent his life working for what he believed in. Whether we agree or disagree with his actual views we are hard pressed to say he did not try.